First cellulose react with caustic to form alkali cellulose
then react with mono chloro acetic acid or it’s
salt from sodium carboxy methyl cellulose. During the
reaction of alkali cellulose with etherification agents
and in the subsequent reactions, sodium chloride (common
salt) is produced as a major by-product. This is washed
out together with any other byproducts or, in the case
of technical-grade NaCMC, left in the product. The dried
cellulose ethers are then processed into granular or
powder products and in some cases modified with other
additives. NaOH
Generally the reaction are as follows
Solvent Cellulose + caustic - alkali cellulose
Alkali cellulose + MCA ------ Na CMC + NaCl